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7 Rs of Cloud Migration

Choose a migration treatment per application by balancing business value, technical debt, risk, time, and cost instead of defaulting every workload to rehost.

PlatformCloud
DomainMigration
LevelFoundation
Last reviewed2026-09-19
Use whenChoose a migration treatment that balances business value, risk, technical debt, time, and cost.
Key decisionDecide per application, not per server
Key conceptsPortfolio assessment · Application rationalization · Migration waves
Cost focusAssessment effort
On this page

Building blocks

Portfolio assessmentApplication rationalizationMigration waves

Design goal

Assign each application a migration strategy with a clear rationale so migration waves reflect business outcomes and application boundaries rather than server inventory alone.

Success criteria

  • Classify workloads consistently
  • Avoid defaulting every workload to rehost
  • Connect strategy decisions to migration waves and business outcomes

Architecture

Use application discovery and business context to select one of seven treatments, then sequence workloads into migration waves.

Architecture flow

  • Inventory applications and dependencies
  • Assess business and technical drivers
  • Select the most suitable migration treatment
  • Group workloads into waves
  • Validate outcomes after migration
InventoryAssessSelect RWavesMigrate
Inventory
Assess
Select R
Waves
Migrate

Architecture decisions

Decision

Decide per application, not per server

Why

Migration strategy should follow application boundaries and dependencies rather than treating each virtual machine independently.

Trade-off

Application-level decisions align migration with business outcomes, but require dependency mapping and ownership data that take more effort than server-by-server classification.

Decision

Retain and retire are valid outcomes

Why

A good assessment can conclude that some workloads should stay where they are or be removed instead of migrated.

Trade-off

Avoiding unnecessary migration saves effort and cost, but retained workloads still need an explicit hosting, support, and lifecycle plan.

RehostMove with minimal application change.Use when speed and low remediation are the priority.
RelocateMove a compatible platform or estate with minimal redesign.Use when the target supports moving the existing environment largely as-is.
ReplatformMake targeted platform changes without rewriting the core application.Use when managed services can reduce operational burden with controlled change.
Refactor / re-architectChange application architecture or code to meet new requirements.Use when scalability, agility, resilience, or technical-debt goals justify deeper change.
RepurchaseReplace the current application with a different product or SaaS capability.Use when the business capability matters more than preserving the existing implementation.
RetainKeep the workload in its current environment for now.Use when constraints, timing, value, or dependencies do not justify migration yet.
RetireDecommission the workload because it is no longer required.Use when usage and ownership evidence show the capability can be removed.
WORKED DECISION

A stable three-tier application has a fixed migration deadline, limited modernization budget, and no immediate scalability issue. Rehost may be the first treatment to evaluate. If the database can move to a managed service with limited application change, replatform may reduce day-two administration. Record the chosen treatment, evidence, rollback condition, and the trigger for revisiting the decision after migration.

Cost drivers

  • Assessment effort
  • Migration tooling
  • Parallel-run period
  • Application remediation
  • Data transfer and testing

Design assumptions

  • Application owners can provide business context
  • Dependencies can be identified before migration waves are finalized

Implementation plan

  1. Build an application portfolio with owners, business criticality, lifecycle state, dependencies, and current cost—not only a server inventory.
  2. Assess business drivers and technical constraints for each application, including deadlines, technical debt, licensing, and modernization appetite.
  3. Assign a 7 Rs treatment with a written rationale and evidence; use “rehost” only when it is actually the best fit, not the default.
  4. Group applications into migration waves that preserve dependency and business boundaries, and identify prerequisites that must land first.
  5. Define acceptance, rollback, decommission, and optimization criteria so each treatment has a clear end state after migration.

Validate the design

  • Confirm every in-scope application has an owner, migration treatment, target state, and written rationale.
  • Verify application dependencies and shared-service prerequisites align with the planned wave order.
  • Confirm acceptance, rollback, and decommission criteria are defined before execution.
  • Review strategy changes after pilot waves and document why any workload moves to a different treatment.

Architecture basis

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